What component stops the elevator from moving too far past landings?

The final limit is the correct component that stops the elevator from moving too far past landings. This safety device is critical in ensuring the elevator does not exceed its designated travel limits, providing a stop mechanism that activates if the elevator goes beyond the top or bottom landing areas.

When the elevator reaches its destination, the final limit switch is triggered, which interrupts the power to the motor, effectively halting any further movement. This mechanism prevents potential damage to the elevator structure, the equipment, or passengers, ensuring safe operation.

In contrast, while the selector switch aids in determining the intended stopping point of the elevator by controlling the dispatching of elevators according to their positioning, it is not responsible for halting excessive travel. The safety buffer provides a physical cushioning mechanism at the ends of the elevator shaft to absorb shock in case of an overtravel situation, but it does not activate actively to prevent movement. Similarly, the emergency brake is designed to stop the elevator in the event of a malfunction or uncontrolled descent, but it is not used specifically to prevent overshooting landings. Therefore, the final limit is the most appropriate component for this function.